Book Worm

Book Worm
So many books to read, so little time.

Books to read in 2018

Books to read in 2018
So many books to read, so little time.

Sunday, May 31, 2015

REVIEW: Sigmund Freud

source: http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/personalityintroduction.html

Ethnocentrism is the tendency we all have to see things from the perspective of our own culture.

 egocentrism. - is the tendency to see our experiences, our lives, as being the standard for all people.

dogmatism. -   A dogma is a set of ideas that the person who holds those ideas will not permit to be criticized.

hysteria (now called conversion disorder), which meant she had symptoms that appeared to be physical, but were not.

pleasure principle, which can be understood as a demand to take care of needs immediately.

The ego relates the organism to reality by means of its consciousness, and it searches for objects to satisfy the wishes that id creates to represent the organisms needs. This problem-solving activity is called the secondary process.

 reality principle, which says "take care of a need as soon as an appropriate object is found."

There are two aspects to the superego: One is the conscience, which is an internalization of punishments and warnings. The other is called the ego ideal. It derives from rewards and positive models presented to the child. The conscience and ego ideal communicate their requirements to the ego with feelings like pride, shame, and guilt.

Freud saw all human behavior as motivated by the drives or instincts, which in turn are the neurological representations of physical needs. At first, he referred to them as the life instincts. These instincts perpetuate (a) the life of the individual, by motivating him or her to seek food and water, and (b) the life of the species, by motivating him or her to have sex. The motivational energy of these life instincts, the "oomph" that powers our psyches, he called libido, from the Latin word for "I desire."

Freud referred to a nirvana principle. Nirvana is a Buddhist idea, often translated as heaven, but actually meaning "blowing out," as in the blowing out of a candle. It refers to non-existence, nothingness, the void, which is the goal of all life in Buddhist philosophy.

anxiety, and it serves as a signal to the ego that its survival, and with it the survival of the whole organism, is in jeopardy.

Freud mentions three different kind of anxieties: The first is realistic anxiety, which you and I would call fear. Actually Freud did, too, in German. But his translators thought "fear" too mundane! Nevertheless, if I throw you into a pit of poisonous snakes, you might experience realistic anxiety.
The second is moral anxiety. This is what we feel when the threat comes not from the outer, physical world, but from the internalized social world of the superego. It is, in fact, just another word for feelings like shame and guilt and the fear of punishment.
The last is neurotic anxiety. This is the fear of being overwhelmed by impulses from the id. If you have ever felt like you were about to "lose it," lose control, your temper, your rationality, or even your mind, you have felt neurotic anxiety. Neurotic is actually the Latin word for nervous, so this is nervous anxiety. It is this kind of anxiety that intrigued Freud most, and we usually just call it anxiety, plain and simple.



Defense mechanisms:

Denial involves blocking external events from awareness. If some situation is just too much to handle, the person just refuses to experience it.

- denial in fantasy:  This is when children, in their imaginations, transform an "evil" father into a loving teddy bear, or a helpless child into a powerful superhero.


Repression, which Anna Freud also called "motivated forgetting," is just that: not being able to recall a threatening situation, person, or event. This, too, is dangerous, and is a part of most other defenses.

Asceticism, or the renunciation of needs, is one most people haven't heard of, but it has become relevant again today with the emergence of the disorder called anorexia. 

- restriction of ego.  Here, a person loses interest in some aspect of life and focuses it elsewhere, in order to avoid facing reality.

Isolation (sometimes called intellectualization) involves stripping the emotion from a difficult memory or threatening impulse. 

Displacement is the redirection of an impulse onto a substitute target.

- Turning against the self is a very special form of displacement, where the person becomes their own substitute target. 

Projection, which Anna Freud also called displacement outward, is almost the complete opposite of turning against the self. It involves the tendency to see your own unacceptable desires in other people. 

Altruistic surrender is a form of projection that at first glance looks like its opposite: Here, the person attempts to fulfill his or her own needs vicariously, through other people.

Reaction formation, which Anna Freud called "believing the opposite," is changing an unacceptable impulse into its opposite.

Undoing involves "magical" gestures or rituals that are meant to cancel out unpleasant thoughts or feelings after they've already occurred.

Introjection, sometimes called identification, involves taking into your own personality characteristics of someone else, because doing so solves some emotional difficulty. 

Identification with the aggressor is a version of introjection that focuses on the adoption, not of general or positive traits, but of negative or feared traits. If you are afraid of someone, you can partially 

Regression is a movement back in psychological time when one is faced with stress. 

Sublimation is the transforming of an unacceptable impulse, whether it be sex, anger, fear, or whatever, into a socially acceptable, even productive form.


Psychosexual stage theory.

The oral stage lasts from birth to about 18 months. The focus of pleasure is, of course, the mouth. Sucking and biting are favorite activities.

The anal stage lasts from about 18 months to three or four years old. The focus of pleasure is the anus. Holding it in and letting it go are greatly enjoyed.

The phallic stage lasts from three or four to five, six, or seven years old. The focus of pleasure is the genitalia. Masturbation is common.

The latent stage lasts from five, six, or seven to puberty, that is, somewhere around 12 years old. During this stage, Freud believed that the sexual impulse was suppressed in the service of learning. I must note that, while most children seem to be fairly calm, sexually, during their grammar school years, perhaps up to a quarter of them are quite busy masturbating and playing "doctor." In Freud's repressive era, these children were, at least, quieter than their modern counterparts.

The genital stage begins at puberty, and represents the resurgence of the sex drive in adolescence, and the more specific focusing of pleasure in sexual intercourse. Freud felt that masturbation, oral sex, homosexuality, and many other things we find acceptable in adulthood today, were immature.



The Oedipal crisis
Each stage has certain difficult tasks associated with it where problems are more likely to arise. For the oral stage, this is weaning. For the anal stage, it's potty training. For the phallic stage, it is the Oedipal crisis, named after the ancient Greek story of king Oedipus, who inadvertently killed his father and married his mother.

castration anxiety, a slight misnomer for the fear of losing one's penis.

penis envy: The young girl, too, has noticed the difference between boys and girls and feels that she, somehow, doesn't measure up. She would like to have one, too,

Retain certain infantile or childish habits. This is called fixation. Fixation gives each problem at each stage a long-term effect in terms of our personality or character.

THERAPY

Relaxed atmosphere. The client must feel free to express anything.
Free association. The client may talk about anything at all.
Resistance. One of these clues is resistance.
Dream analysis. In sleep, we are somewhat less resistant to our unconscious and we will allow a few things, in symbolic form, of course, to come to awareness.
Parapraxes. A parapraxis is a slip of the tongue, often called a Freudian slip.
Other Freudians became interested in projective tests, such as the famous Rorschach or inkblot tests.

Transference occurs when a client projects feelings toward the therapist that more legitimately belong with certain important others
Catharsis is the sudden and dramatic outpouring of emotion that occurs when the trauma is resurrected.
Insight is being aware of the source of the emotion, of the original traumatic event.

source: http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/freud.html

Cattell's 16PF Trait Theory


    Cattell's 16 Factor Test Results
    Warmth |||||||||||||||||| 54%
    Intellect ||||||||||||||||||||| 70%
    Emotional Stability ||||||||||||||| 50%
    Aggressiveness |||||||||||||||||||||||||||| 86%
    Liveliness |||||||||||||||||||||||| 74%
    Dutifulness ||||||||||||||||||||| 70%
    Social Assertiveness |||||||||||||||||||||||||||| 86%
    Sensitivity ||||||||||||||||||||| 66%
    Paranoia |||||||||||| 34%
    Abstractness ||||||||||||||||||||| 70%
    Introversion ||||||||||||||| 42%
    Anxiety |||||||||||||||||| 58%
    Openmindedness ||||||||||||||||||||| 62%
    Independence ||||||||||||||||||||| 62%
    Perfectionism ||||||||||||||||||||| 62%
    Tension ||||||||||||||| 50%

    Whereas Eysenck based his theory based on the responses of hospitalized servicemen, Cattell collected data from a range of people through three different of sources of data.
  • L-data - this is life record data such as school grades, absence from work etc.
  • Q-data - this was questionnaire designed to rate an individual's personality.
  • T-data - this is data from objective tests designed to 'tap' into a personality construct.
Cattell analyzed the T-data and Q-data using a mathematical technique called factor analysis to look at which types of behavior tended to be grouped together in the same people. He identified 16 personality traits / factors common to all people.
Cattell made a distinction between source and surface traits. Surface traits are very obvious and can be easily identified by other people, whereas source traits are less visible to other people and appear to underlie several different aspects of behavior. Cattell regarded source traits are more important in describing personality than surface traits.

Saturday, May 30, 2015

Eysenck Personality Inventory

Eysenck's Test Results
Extraversion (84%) very high which suggests you are overly talkative, outgoing, sociable and interacting at the expense too often of developing your own individual interests and internally based identity.
Neuroticism (60%) moderately high which suggests you are worrying, insecure, emotional, and anxious.
Psychoticism (41%) moderately low which suggests you are, at times, overly kind natured, trusting, and helpful at the expense of your own individual development (martyr complex).

Three dimensions of personality: Extraversion, Neuroticism & Psychoticism.



During 1940s Eysenck was working at the Maudsley psychiatric hospital in London. His job was to make an initial assessment of each patient before their mental disorder was diagnosed by a psychiatrist. Through this position he compiled a battery of questions about behavior, which he latter applied to 700 soldiers who were being treated for neurotic disorders at the hospital (Eysenck (1947).


He found that the soldiers's answers seemed to link naturally with one another, suggesting that there were a number of different personality traits which were being revealed by the soldier's answers. He called these first order personality traits.


He used a technique called factor analysis. This technique reduces behavior to a number of factors which can be grouped together under separate headings, called dimensions.


Eysenck (1947) found that their behavior could be represented by two dimensions: Introversion / Extroversion (E); Neuroticism / Stability (N). Eysenck called these second-order personality traits. 




Friday, May 29, 2015

All time favorite quotes to describe, ME.

“In my next life I want to live my life backwards. You start out dead and get that out of the way. Then you wake up in an old people's home feeling better every day. You get kicked out for being too healthy, go collect your pension, and then when you start work, you get a gold watch and a party on your first day. You work for 40 years until you're young enough to enjoy your retirement. You party, drink alcohol, and are generally promiscuous, then you are ready for high school. You then go to primary school, you become a kid, you play. You have no responsibilities, you become a baby until you are born. And then you spend your last 9 months floating in luxurious spa-like conditions with central heating and room service on tap, larger quarters every day and then Voila! You finish off as an orgasm!” -Woody Allen

"I allowed myself to think if I could be doing anything in the world, what would I be doing? And what came to mind is I'd be traveling a little bit, I'd be going to classes and I'd be going back to school." - Ricky Williams


"Why am I afraid to tell you who I am? I am afraid to tell you who I am, because, if I tell you who I am, you may not like who I am, and it's all that I have...”- John Powell

Friday, May 22, 2015

Thank you google docs.


I use google docs in thesis !! definitely helpful. I can open it in any computer and even draft my thesis in my ipad :D

Google Classroom


Google Classroom is so awesome !! 
Teachers in my university should use this !!! 
Especially since our school e-mail utilizes G-mail app anyway, this is perfect! 

Google apps for Education and Educational Technology.

Super stoked for the Google workshop I'm privilege to attend next week !!

If it weren't for my friend sharing a portion of the description, I wouldn't know we were required to do some advanced reading. But I saw the list, and as an educational technology enthusiast, I'm pretty much well versed with these anyway so going through this list shall be a breeze! 


Wednesday, May 20, 2015

Quick Update

This week has been really busy. Every Saturday, I have a board exam review 8am-5pm. Sunday I was busy building the website of my new business. And my schedule on weekdays is AM - business, PM - board exam.

I have yet to read 7 chapters of Aamodt's Industrial/Organizational Psychology book and I target 1 chapter a day. Today is already Wednesday and I'm not even done with the 2nd chapter!!!

I've been going to Church before my day starts and after... been praying really hard... there are a lot of things I need to pray for and one of the obvious reasons is the board exam. The other reason is for my new business to hike up.. I'm not expecting quick return of investments as businesses take real patience. So there... I don't know if I still have time to miss my life how it was last week which was in the admissions office of my university!

Funny story however, I posted in my instagram account that I topped the psychometric board exam and people congratulated me as if it was true. Some believed, some questioned as I was still posting photos also of me taking the review! haha.. But that is the power of law of attraction. You gotta own it!! I showed it to my professor and he laughed at me. He told me to tell the people I'm just practicing psychology but nah... It's just advance posting. I know I'm gonna top this exam.

Which by the way, good bye. need to finish this 2nd chapter!



Friday, May 15, 2015

Day 1.

Officially, a full time student again.

Here's the cake my (former) officemates gave me. 


That was a pretty much good year. 

Now back to my other life. 


Sunday, May 10, 2015

Looking back..

The past year has been hella crazy. 

Gained friends, and lost some.

Gained accomplishments and lost some.

Grabbed opportunities and lost some.

Gained love and lost some...

When I started working as a financial aid coordinator, I had a wall. My role was limited and I was looking things objectively. I guess that's how it is in the beginning when you are in a new place. I didn't want my professional life to cross over my personal life.

It took some sacrifices. I had to lose some part of my life in order to make room for additional people.

I believe I made the right decisions.

Now when I look back, I'm very so much thankful for my scholars. 

I've lost a lot the past year, but because of them, I gained a thousandfold much more. 


My last deployment at the Enrollment Services Hub

I'm three (3) days away from my official last day at the Office of Admissions and Scholarships (OAS). 

Geez how time flew indeed. If I trace through my blog posts I remember posting that I'm going to start working in my university and now I'm signing off!

Well anyway, my "official last day" doesn't really mean my last day of going to the office. It's my university! I'll be around campus. And definitely I'm pretty sure I'm still going to "hang around"...

Nobody has replaced me yet..

Anyway... Good thing my friend came to process his enrollment and I was actually deployed at the Enrollment Service Hub that afternoon. He was able to take photos of me as my souvenir :))




I loved my work at the Office of Admissions and Scholarships because I was able to understand and learn how to run a university. I would always tell my student assistants that when it comes to inquiries and if it concerns incoming students, it's our office. But if it concerns current students, it's the responsibility of the registrar's office.

However, what I like about my work as the coordinator for the financial aid is that I not only deal with  incoming students. I work with the students up until they graduate. So I basically learned the life cycle of a student in a university, from beginning up until graduation, in the administration side of the fence.

It was such a fulfilling learning experience. It reminds me of the movie "Admissions" because it really resonates in my line of work. Although different in process, I could relate.

I'm signing off in a few days, and I'm looking forward to my new learning endeavor. 

I will truly miss my scholars. I never taught inside a classroom by I consider them as my students. 

As what Bro. Dennis, our OIC President and Chancellor, stated in his Christmas Greeting, "You are in charge of 20% of the DLSU population". What a load to bear and I am truly honored to have experienced such responsibility. 

Thank you Office of Admissions and Scholarships. Thank you DLSU.




Saturday, May 9, 2015

In other news, I love you Mom!


This video always makes me cry.

Happy Mother's Day to my mother and to my sister and to my grandmother and to my aunt and to my momma friends and to all mothers. :)

My checklist of documents.

PSYCHOMETRIC BOARD EXAM

Documentary Requirements
1) Original and photocopy of NSO-issued Birth Certificate - done! 

2) Original and photocopies of Transcript of Records 
    • Photocopy Transcript of Records UG & MA (back to back) - done
    • Request for Certificate of Authenticity and Validation (CAV) - done
    • Photocopy Good Moral certificates for Notarization - done
    • Do this May 11, 2015 (Monday)
3)  Original and photocopies of NBI Clearance 
    • Do this May 15, 2015 (Friday) - done
4) Three (3) Certificates of Good Moral Character - notarized with documentary stamp each
    • Undergraduate Good Moral Certificate (for documentary stamp and notarization)
    • Graduate Good Moral Certificate (for documentary stamp and notarization)
  • Do this May 15, 2015 (Friday)
    • Barangay Good Moral Certificate (for documentary stamp and notarization)
    • Church Good Moral Certificate (for documentary stamp and notarization)
3)  Two (2) passport-size colored pictures with white background and complete name tag
    • Do this May 15, 2015 (Friday) - done
4) Current Community Tax Certificate (Cedula)
    • Do this May 15, 2015 (Friday) - done

Summary what to do on May 15, 2015 (Friday)
  • NBI Clearance 
  • Current Community Tax Certificate (Cedula)
  • Barangay Good Moral Certificate
  • Barangay Clearance 
  • Documentary stamp for the certificates (can be done in barangay or municipal office)
  • Register for Comelec & get a certification of voter's registration.
  • Passport Photos (print)
  • NSO Birth certificate (claim)



PASSPORT RENEWAL

Please have all your original documents and IDs photocopied before going to DFA on your appointment date.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

  • Personal appearance
  • Confirmed appoint
Documentary Requirements

1) Original and photocopy of NSO-issued Birth Certificate - done! 

2) Valid picture IDs and supporting documents to prove identity:
  • Driver’s License
  • PRC ID

  • SSS-E1 Form or Microfilmed Copy of SSS-E1 Form
  • (1) Transcript of Records with readable dry seal
  • Voter’s ID  (May 15, 2015)
  • (3) Voter’s Certification, List of Voters and Voter’s Registration Record (for newly issued VRR, please attach receipt)  (May 15, 2015)
  • NBI Clearance (May 15, 2015)
  • (2) Community Tax Certificate  (May 15, 2015)
  • Barangay Clearance  (May 15, 2015)

Friday, May 8, 2015

Industrial Psychology: Board Exam Review Day 1

My pre-test results


Not bad for a pre-test but considering I just recently took an industrial psychology class this previous term, I should have gotten atleast 80+ !!! 

Confounding variable I was a bit sleepy and it's been over a year since I took an exam (comprehensive examinations). I need to train myself again to be an expert test taker.

The reality is, even if you know all the knowledge and content of the subject matter, if you're not good with time pressure and multiple choice exams, you are... Doomed.

The goal is to top the psychometrician board exam.

This is going to be an intensive three (3) months.

LET'S DO THIS

congratulations Toni for topping the board!!


Thursday, May 7, 2015

board exam review

So this is it, my schedule for my board examination review classes.
I really do not know the things I put myself into (I.e. Comprehensive exam, thesis track, board exam), but... You know... Let's do this! The goal is to Top the exam! 


Friday, May 1, 2015

Theories of Personality


I reviewed for comprehensive examinations using this blog and aced it. I am now reviewing for psychometrician board exam. First agenda. THEORIES OF PERSONALITY. 



Source: http://psychology.about.com/od/psychologystudyguides/a/personalitysg_3.htm


Biological Theories

Biological approaches suggest that genetics are responsible for personality. 

One of the best known biological theorists was Hans Eysenck, who linked aspects of personality to biological processes. 

Eysenck reported that two-thirds of therapy patients improved significantly or recovered within two year, regardless of whether or not they received psychotherapy. He was also a vocal critic of psychoanalysis, dismissing it as unscientific. 

The greatest controversy surrounding Eysenck was his view of the heritability of intelligence, more specifically his view that racial differences in intelligence could be partially attributed to genetic factors. 

Behavioral Theories

Behavioral theories suggest that personality is a result of interaction between the individual and the environment. Behavioral theorists study observable and measurable behaviors, rejecting theories that take internal thoughts and feelings into account. Behavioral theorists include B. F. Skinnerand John B. Watson.

B. F. Skinner was an American psychologist best-known for his influence on behaviorism. Skinner referred to his own philosophy as 'radical behaviorism' and suggested that the concept of free will was simply an illusion. All human action, he instead believed, was the direct result of conditioning.

In this operant conditioning process, actions that are followed by good consequences are reinforced and therefore those behaviors are more likely to occur again in the future. Behaviors that result in negative consequences, on the other hand, become less likely to occur again.

According to John Watson, psychology should be the science of observable behavior. "Psychology as the behaviorist views it is a purely objective experimental branch of natural science. Its theoretical goal is the prediction and control of behavior. Introspection forms no essential part of its methods, nor is the scientific value of its data dependent upon the readiness with which they lend themselves to interpretation in terms of consciousness," he explained (1913), The "Little Albert" Experiment.

Psychodynamic Theories

Psychodynamic theories of personality are heavily influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud, and emphasize the influence of the unconscious mind and childhood experiences on personality. Psychodynamic theories include Sigmund Freud's psychosexual stage theory and Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. 

Freud believed the three components of personality were the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is responsible for all needs and urges, while the superego for ideals and moral. The ego moderates between the demands of the id, the superego, and reality. Erikson believed that personality progressed through a series of stages, with certain conflicts arising at each stage. Success in any stage depended upon successfully overcoming these conflicts.

Age Range: Birth to 1 Year

Erogenous Zone: Mouth

During the oral stage, the infant's primary source of interaction occurs through the mouth, so the rooting and sucking reflex is especially important. 

Age Range: 1 to 3 years

Erogenous Zone: Bowel and Bladder Control

During the anal stage, Freud believed that the primary focus of the libido was on controlling bladder and bowel movements. 

Age Range: 3 to 6 Years

Erogenous Zone: Genitals

During the phallic stage, the primary focus of the libido is on the genitals.


Age Range: 6 to Puberty

Erogenous Zone: Sexual Feelings Are Inactive

During the latent period, the libido interests are suppressed. The development of the egoand superego contribute to this period of calm. The stage begins around the time that children enter into school and become more concerned with peer relationships, hobbies, and other interests.

Age Range: Puberty to Death

Erogenous Zone: Maturing Sexual Interests

During the final stage of psychosexual development, the individual develops a strong sexual interest in the opposite sex.

What is Psychosocial Development?

Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like 

Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud's theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan.



The end of a trimester is just the beginning of everything.

Term 3 AY14-15 grades are out and everybody is rejoicing for finishing one school year and enjoying the vacation.



I on the other hand, Of course expected these grades. I should pass, no question about that. It's a MUST. 

And I still don't have the reason to rejoice because ...

1) I still have to work on my revisions such as: 

Revise the review of related literature. To do that I have to do massive readings again.

Prepare my questionnaires. Can't do this unless I finish the first one.

2) Review for the board exams, am I really ready for this... This year? 

Where to start... Where to start... 


Well I just took industrial psychology recently to complete my units.... And the rest of the subjects I took 7-10 years ago. ... Theories of Personality seems to be a good start. I don't have the reference or tips yet so I guess I'll stick with Google first.